Development and Implementation of a Walking Program for Seniors to Promote Physical Health, Social Connectivity, and Quality of Life

The majority of older adults do not meet current physical activity recommendations. (Strain et al., 2024; WHO, 2024). Insufficient physical activity in older adults is linked to chronic illness, increased reliance on healthcare systems, and economic strain (Guthold et al., 2020). Older adults face unique barriers to physical activity that are often not addressed in traditional programs (Zhou et al., 2024). Mall-walking programs, offering climate-controlled environments, present a promising solution by providing safe, accessible spaces that promote physical activity and reduce social isolation (Fareen et al., 2015) They are especially beneficial for seniors who face barriers to outdoor walking, such as weather or safety concerns (Farren et al., 2015). Studies have demonstrated that such programs can significantly improve physical fitness, social interaction, and overall well-being (Farren et al., 2015). Although these programs have been successful in other countries, they are under-researched in Europe, particularly in Austria. Additionally, little is known about the program attributes that foster inclusion of vulnerable cohorts and long-term adherence (Culos-Reed et al., 2010). To address this gap, we are planning to develop ShopFit, a citizen science initiative to assess the feasibility of implementing a mall-walking program in Austria. This initiative will engage seniors and experts throughout the design, recruitment, and evaluation phases, ensuring the program meets seniors' needs and encourages sustained participation. The project will develop a physical activity intervention with the aim of also increasing social engagement in a secure, accessible setting, specifically targeting isolated, vulnerable, and physically inactive seniors. By fostering an inclusive, safe and supportive community, the intervention aims to address barriers such as safety concerns, mobility limitations, and social isolation. To create a sustainable program, we will recruit and train senior volunteer peer leaders in motivational strategies to enhance participation and adherence (Kritz et al., 2023). Our methodology will include initial qualitative interviews to identify barriers and facilitators (Month 1–6), co-design workshops with experts and seniors to shape the intervention (Month 7–12), a pilot implementation and evaluation phase (Month 13–25), followed by a follow-up and dissemination phase (Month 26–36). Data on physical activity, health outcomes, mental health, social engagement, and quality of life will be collected. We will collaborate with international experts based in Denmark (sports science and motivation) and Australia (disability, aging, and cultural competence) to develop inclusive, motivationally supportive intervention materials. ShopFit aims to provide a scalable, sustainable model for promoting physical activity, social engagement, and well-being among older adults. It will offer insights into how such programs can improve seniors' quality of life and health, and help reduce reliance on healthcare systems, and address broader public health and economic challenges.