Insomnia is a risk factor for mental health disorders, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and increased mortality. Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder. In 2020, the age-adjusted prevalence of US adults who reported short sleep duration was estimated to be 34.8%. Chronic insomnia has an estimated prevalence of 5% to 15%. Social and biological risk factors for insomnia include: older age, female sex, shift work, lower socioeconomic status, marital status (divorced or separated), African American race, family or personal history of insomnia, and genetic factors. The American College of Physicians (ACP) will commission evidence syntheses to support a clinical practice guideline on pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment of chronic insomnia.